星沙英语网

天我们复习第二册第十五至二十六单元。下面仍从重要词组、重点句型、语法三个方面对第二册的内容进行归理。
I重要词组
a moment later 片刻之后
at the moment 此刻
at a bad time of year 在全年中不好的时节里
at this time of year 在（一年的）这个时节里
at times 时常
at the traffic lights 在交通灯处
at the side of the road 在路旁
at the head of (the queue) 在（队伍）的前面
at first 起初
at last 最后，终于
at once 立刻，马上0
all by oneself 独立，单独
a bit of 一点，少量的
again and again 再三的
a telephone call for sb. （有）某人电话
a daughter called Jane 一个叫简的女儿
as usual 像平常一样
ask sb to do sth 请某人作某事
ask sb about sth 问某人关于某事
ask sb instead 请某人代替，顶替
answer the telephone 接电话
all by oneself 全靠自己
after a few minutes 几分钟以后
be angry with 生某人的气
be careful 小心，当心
be different from 和……不同
be worried about 为……发愁，着急
be ill in hospital 生病住院
be on a visit to 在……访问
be pleased 令人高兴的，令人愉快的
be alone 单独的，孤单的
be fed up with 厌倦
be sad 伤心的
be up 起床
be asleep 睡着
be famous for 因……而闻名
be/get lost 迷失道路
be neck and neck 齐头并进
be interested in… 对……感兴趣
by the way 顺便说，顺便问一下
come on 来吧，好啦，快点
come out 出来
care for 在乎
catch a bus 赶乘公共汽车
catch up with 赶上
come along 过来
come to oneself 苏醒，恢复知觉
cross the road 过马路
do the cooking 做饭
do all kinds of things 做各种各样的事
do/try one's best 尽最大努力
do well in 做得好，做得对
do nothing to help sb 无能为力
either…or… 或者或者
enjoy oneself 过得愉快
eat up 吃完，吃光
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴
every five minutes 每五分钟
fall asleep 睡觉，入睡
fall behind 落在……后面；输给别人
feel tired/worried 感到疲劳，忧虑
feel well 感到（身体）舒服
feel a little better 感到好一点
fall off 跌落，掉下
first of all 首先，第一
find out 查明，找出原因
forget to do sth. 忘记做某事
get warm/long/short 变暖和/长/短
get ready for 为……准备好
get dressed 穿衣服
get back sth 取回某物
get on/off 上/下……
get on well with 与……相处融洽
give sb the message 捎口信给某人
give sb a ring 给某人打电话
go on (to) 持续到……
go (out)for a walk 去散步
go away 走开,离去
go wrong 走错路
have a good time 过得愉快
have a cold/cough/headache 患感冒/咳嗽/头痛
have /take a rest 休息一会
have/hold a sports meeting 举行运动会
had better(not)do sth 最好（不）做某事
help oneself to sth. ……自用（食物）
help sb (to)do sth 帮助某人做某事
hurt oneself 伤着自己
hurry off 匆忙离去
in the end 最后
in the southern part of … 在……的南部
in the daytime 在白天
in the night 在夜间
in the future 将来
in the Northeast 在东北
in much of China 在中国许多地方
in January/February… 在一月/二月……
in spring/summer/autumn/winter 在春/夏/秋/冬季
in fact 事实上
instead of 代替
just then 正在那时
jump the queue 不按次序排队
knock at/on 敲（门，窗等）
laugh at 因……而发笑，嘲笑
leave … behind 把……遗留下
look out 小心，留神，注意
look around 四处看看
look over （医生）检查
look into 往……里看
look after oneself 照看自己
look for 寻找
later on 过后，以后
leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下
make it 成功，做到
make a noise 吵闹
make one's way to 往……走去
make sb.do sth 让使某人干某事
make faces 做鬼脸
mend sth for sb 为某人修理某物
neither…nor 既不……也不……
not ...until… 直到……才……
on one's way to… 在……的途中
on watch 值班，守望
pull sth out of 把某物从……拉出来
pull sth up from 把某物从……拉上来
place(s) of great interest 名胜
play a joke on sb. 打电话给……
stand in line 站在队里
run away 逃跑
show sth to sb 把某物给某人看
something different to eat 吃点不同的东西
something English 英国的东西
sooner or later 迟早
spend …doing sth.. 花费……作某事
take a message for sb （为某人）捎个口信
take a seat 坐下
take one's temperature 量体温
take sb to…….. 带某人去……
take sb to do sth 带某人（去）做某事
take sth home 把某物带回家
take care 小心，注意
take care of 照顾
take the medicine 服药
take one's arm 抓住某人的手臂
take (an active) part in 积极参加
teach oneself 自学
turn on 开，旋开（电灯等）
turn green 变绿
turn left/right 向左/右拐
throw about 乱丢，抛散
tea with sugar/milk in it 加糖/牛奶的茶
teach oneself 自学（自己教自己）
tidy the room/garden 整理房间/花园
to one's surprise 令（某人）惊讶
wait for 等候
wait in a queue/in line 排队等候
waiting room 候诊室，候车室
would like to do sth 想要做某事
would love to do sth 愿意作某事
wake up 醒来
write down 写下，记下
work out 算出
II 重要句型
1. Can't you see anything unusual in the picture?
难道你看不出图画中有什么异样吗？
2. Don't you know? 难道你不知道吗？
3. I'm afraid not/so. 恐怕这样不行/恐怕是这样。
4. I hope you are well. 我希望你身体健康。
5. I like …better than … 我喜欢……胜过……
6. I like …best of all. 我最喜欢……
7. I don't like the cold. 我不喜欢这样的冷天。
8. I've no idea. 我不知道。
9. I can't do that. 我不能那么做。
10. It's best to do sth.. 最好做某事。
11. It's too …to do. 太… …而不能做。
12. It lasts from …to … 从……持续到……
13. It takes (sb) some time to do sth. 某人花费多少时间做某事。
14. Isn't he bigger than you? 他难道不比你大吗？
15. So +be (have) 助动词或情态动词+主语 某人也……
16. The way you speak. （从）你说话的口音猜到的。
17. Thank you for sth. （因某事而）感谢你。
18. Thanks a lot for doing sth. （因做某事而）多谢。
19. There it is! 他就在那儿！
20. What's the matter ( with sb./sth .) 某人/某物怎么啦？
21. There is something wrong with sb./sth. 某人/某物有毛病。
22. What shall I do? 我该怎么办？
23. What do you mean? 你指的是什么？/ 你是什么意思？
24. Why not do sth? / Why don't you do sth? 你为什么不做某事？
25. We won't go until we get it back again. 等把它取回来，我们再走。
III.语法知识
1． 反意疑问句
反意疑问句表示提出情况或看法，问对方同意不同意。这种问句是由两部分构成。
1） 陈述句的肯定句+简略的否定的问句？
This is a book, isn't it? Yes it is.
The boy runs fast, doesn't he? No, he doesn't.
His parents went to Beijing, didn't they? Yes, they did.
There are many books in the box, aren't there? No, there aren't.
2 ) 陈述句的否定句+简略的肯定的问句？
You won't be away for long, will you?
The girl can't swim, can she?
注：①在前为否定句的结构里，除not表示否定外，还有no, nothing, nobody, few, little, hardly, never 等词都表示否定。
He has few friends here, does he?
There's nothing in the glass, is there?
②注意前否定，后肯定的反意疑问句的回答。
You aren't a student, are you? 你不是学生，是吗？
事实上你是个学生，就回答Yes, I am.
如不是，就回答，No, I am not.
Yes, I am. 译成汉语为：不，我是（个学生）
No, I'm not. 译成汉语为：是的，我不是（个学生）。
汉语与英语在表达上有差距。因此同学门在回答这样的反意疑问句 时，应误用汉语直接思维，牢记这样的公式：
问句：+，- ？或- ，+？
答句：+，+ 或- ，-。
万不可根据汉语表达的意思来回答这样的反意疑问句
3)祈使句后也可以加一个简略的问句，使口气变得客气一些。
Have a little more orange, will you?
Let's play football. shall we?
2.介词in, on, at表示时间的用法。
1) in表示时间，后接年，月，季节，周，早上，下午，晚上
in 1983，in March, in summer, in a week, in the morning,/afternoon/evening
2) on表示时间，后接几月几号，星期天或具体的某天，某个日子；
on Monday, on Friday morning, on Teacher's Day, on my birthday, on the morning of March 17,1998, on January 1st.
3) at表示时间，后接点时间，某个具体的时刻。
at six in the morning, at half past four
at this/that time. at the same time.
当表示“在夜晚，在中午”，常用at night, at noon.
2. 感叹句
感叹句表示说话时的惊讶﹑喜悦，气愤等情绪。通常是由how 和 what引导的。
① How +形容词/副词+主语+谓语！
How hard they are working!
How nice the pictures are!
②What +a +形容词+名词（单数）+主语+谓语！
What+形容词+名词（复数）+主语+谓语！
What+形容词+名词（不可数）+主语+谓语！
What beautiful flowers these are!
What bad weather it is!
注：在改感叹句时，原句中修饰词very, too, quite, rather等，要去掉。
He is very happy How happy he is!
He ran quite fast How fast he ran!
He is a very good boy What a good boy he is!
3. 一般将来时
1） 概念：一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或状态。
2） 构成：① will +动词原形。（第一人称可用shall，在口语中不论什么人称，都可用will）
② be going to+动词原形
（ 这两种形式 be going to + v. 要强调打算要做，计划好要做的事，但表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态可互换。）
3）句型：①主语+will/shall +动词原形+……
主语+won't/shan't +动词原形+……
Will/shall+主语+动词原形+……?
② 主语+am/is/are + going to +动词原形……
主语+am/is /are + not + going to +动词原形……
Am/Is/Are+主语+going to +动词原形……？
4）与一般将来时连用的时间状语soon, tomorrow, next, week/month/year, in five minutes/days/hours/years等。
5）有时表示动态的动词，如leave, go, come 等，常用现在进行时表示将来动作。
He is leaving tomorrow.他明天将离开。
Is he coming soon? 他很快就回来吗？
5.情态动词 can, may, must, have to的用法
1)情态动词的特点：
① 情态动词有词义；
② 不能单独使用，必须和动词原形一起使用作谓语；
③ 没有人称和数的变化。（have to除外）
2)can 表示“能够，会”，过去式为could.
I can speak a little English.
He could ride a bike when he was six years old.
can还可以表示允许，与may意思相近，可互换。
Can (May) I borrow your bike?
注：could有时表示婉转客气的语气，不表示时态。E.g.
Could you help me?
3)may表示“可以，允许”，过去式为might. E.g.
You are tired, you may do it tomorrow.
May I come in?
注意回答may 的问句时，肯定用 Yes, you may.否定的则要用 No, you mustn't.
-----May I finish the work tomorrow?
-----Yes, you may.
-----No, you mustn't.
may还可以表示推测，意为“也许，可能”
Li Lei may be in the classroom.
My father may go fishing on Sunday.
4)must表示“应该，必须”，否定式为mustn't，应为“不应该，不允许”。没有时态变化。
We must study hard.
We mustn't talk in the class.
注意回答 must问句时，作否定回答不能用mustn't ，而应用needn't.
------Must I go now?
------Yes, you must.
------No, you needn't.
must 还可表示推测，意为“一定，准是……”。
This must be your room.
Tom must be in the classroom.
5)have to 与 must近义，但更强调客观原因。意为“不得不”，可用于不同的时态。
It's raining. I have to stay at home.
We had to be there at ten o'clock.
We'll have to change our minds.
6. 反身代词
反身代词在句中起强调作用和反射作用。表示“本人，自己，亲自”等含义。
① 常用在动词、介词后作宾语，起反射作用。
enjoy oneself, teach oneself, help oneself, look after oneself, buy oneself sth.
take care of oneself, learn sth. By oneself.
leave one by oneself, hurt oneself.
② 作同位语，起强调作用。
The story itself is very interesting.
I did the homework myself.
IV.练习
I.选择正确答案
1.The father wished the twins to be doctors, but______ of them liked to study medicine.
A. both B. neither C. either D. none
(B)
2. ---Mum, Bill is coming to dinner this evening.
---OK. Let's give him ________to eat.
A. something different B. different anything
C. anything different D. different something
(A)
3. If you don't feel very well, you may just _______.
A. stopped reading B. stop reading
C. stopped to read D. stop to read
(B)
4. ---Which sweater do you prefer, the yellow one or the pink one?
---_________. I like a light blue one.
A. Either B. Both C. Any D. Neither
(D)
5. ---How are going to the train station to meet your aunt?
---I'm going there _______my car.
A. by B. in C. to D. on
(B)
6. ---Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning,________?
---No. She got up too late.
A. had she B. hadn't she C. did she D. didn't she
(C)
7. ---My good friend Mike wants to be a soldier when he grows up.
---So ______I.
A. do B. am C. will D. should
(A)
8. We usually have six lessons a day, and each of them_________45minutes.
A. last B. lasts C. have D. need
(B)
9.Study hard, ______you're sure to have a good result in the exam.
A. but B. and C. for D. or
(B)
10.I'm going shopping now. I________ home soon.
A. return B. will be back C. come back D. go back
(B)
II. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Some people are good at ________（借）, but they never give back.
（borrowing）
2. This library is open to __________(会员) only.
(members)
3. Help _________ to some fish, children, please. (you)
(yourselves)
4. How __________ they are feeling! (happy)
(happy)
5. She is ____________ singer of all. (popular)
(the most popular)
III.词语释义
1. ---Hello! May I speak to the headmaster?
.---Hold on, Please.
A. Speak louder B. Wait a moment C. Call again D. Speak out
(B)
2. Jimmy tried hard, and in the end he did it well.(2001)
A. at first B. at the beginning C. at the end D. at last
(D)
3. Be quick! We must catch the early bus.
A. be in time for B. hold C. have D. get on
(A)
IV.将句子译成英语。
1. 不要嘲笑他。
Don't laugh at him.
2. 我父亲会开车，我也会。
My father can drive a car. And so can I.
3. 这东西一定好吃。
It must be more delicious.
4.说完这些话，他就离开了教室。
With these words he left the classroom.