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用不同的句型表达相同或相近的意思，是英语中常见的表达手法。掌握这方面的知识对同学们的表现力是很有好处的。具体方法可以分为以下五种：

一、用同义（近义）结构。

1 、 one of + 形容词性物主代词 + 名词（复数）与 a/an + 名词（单数） + of + 名词性代词。如：

Mike is one of her friends.

Mike is a friend of her friends.

2 、 May I … ? 与 Please … 如：

May I borrow your bike? Please lend me your bike.

May I come in? Please let me come in.

3 、 Why not do ….? 与 Why don't you do ….? 如：

Why not go and play football with us?

Why don't you go and play football with us?

4 、 How do you like … ? 与 What do you think of / about … ? 。如：

How did you like the TV play?

What did you think of the TV play?

5 、终止性动词一般过去时 + 表示过去的时间状语 与 延续性动词现在完成时 + 表示一段时间的状语。如：

Li Ping moved here in 1998.

Li Ping has been here since 1998.

I joined the Party ten years ago.

I have been in the Party / have been a Party member for ten years.

6 、（延续性）动词现在完成时 + for + 一段时间 与 It is + 一段时间 + since + 主语 + 终止性动词。如：

I haven't seen him for three years.

It is three years since I saw him last.

They have lived here for ten years.

It is ten years since they began to live here.

7 、 …. after + 时间状语从句 与 … not … until … 。如：

They crossed the road after the lights turned green.

They didn't cross the road until the light turned green.

8 、 … , I think. 与 I think … 。如：

She won't fall behind others, I think.

I think she won't fall behind others.

9 、 What is sb. ? 与 What does sb. do? 如：

What is your father?

What does your father do?

类似情形还有：

What time is it?

What's the time ?

Can/May I help you?

What can I do for you?

What's the weather like today?

How's the weather today?

10 、 Shall we … ? 与 Let's … 。如：

Shall we go to the park tomorrow?

Let's go to the park tomorrow.

11 、 It's best to do sth. 与 had better do sth. 。如：

It's best to take good care of your things.

You'd better take good care of your things.

12 、 What a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词的单数形式 与 How + 形容词 +a / an + 可数名词的单数形式 ( 或： How + 形容词 + 主语 ( 名词 )+ 谓语 ) 。如：

What an interesting sport it is!

How interesting a sport it is! (How interesting the story is!)

13 、 … in order that … 与 in order ( for sb. ) to do … 。如：

He worked very hard in order that he could pass the exam.

He worked very hard in order to pass the exam.

The teacher is always ready to help his students in order that all of them can study well.

The teacher is always ready to help his students in order for all or them to study well.

14 、 … too … to … 与 … so … that… not …? 。如：

(Many stars are very far. We can't see them.)

Many stars are too far away for us to see.

Many stars are far away that we can't see them.

15 、用同义（近义）词或短语替换。如：

We spent one and a half hours doing our homework every day.

It took us one and a half hours to do our homework every day.

（注意 spend/cost/take/pay 的相通之处。）

He is good at drawing.

He does well in drawing.

又如： enjoy oneself=have a good time, ask sb to come=send for sb, like … better than/, don't like … walk=go … on foot. 例：

He usually takes a bus to work.

He usually goes to work by bus.

16 、词性变化。

This county is very different from that one.

There are many differences between the two county.

It rained heavily yesterday.

There was a heavy rain yesterday.

17 、主动语态 与 被动语态

He made a kite last night.

A kite was made by him last night.

18 、比较级 与 最高级

She ran faster than the other two.

She ran fastest of the three.

Russia is the largest country in the world.

Russia is larger than the other countries/ any other county in the world.

二、用反义结构。

1 、 not + 形容词或副词 + enough to do 与 too + 形容词或副词（反义） + to do 。如：

The boy isn't old enough to understand it.

The boy is too young to understand it.

He didn't run fast enough to catch me.

He ran too slow to catch me.

2 、 not so + 形容词或副词 + as 与 形容词或副词（反义）的比较级 + than 。如：

Betty isn't so tall as Mary.

Betty is shorter than Mary.

I don't run so fast as Tom.

I run slower than Tom.

3 、 none of + 名词复数 + be + 形容词 与 all of + 名词复数 + be + 形容词的反义词。如：

None of the bikes are old.

All of the bikes are new.

4 、 not … anybody / anything 与 nobody / nothing 。如：

He didn't find anyone in the house.

He found nobody in the house.

5 、用反义词替换。如：

Please remember to close the door when you leave.

Don't forget to close the door when you leave.

He lent a ball to me yesterday.

I borrowed a ball from him yesterday.

You must stay here until tomorrow.

You mustn't go until tomorrow.

三、合并句子。

1 、使用 not only … but also 或 both … and 结构。如：

Miss Jenny is our teacher. She is also our friend.

Miss Jenny is not only our teacher but also our friend.

Miss Jenny is both our teacher and our friend.

He is a student. I am a student, too.

Both you and I are students.

2 、使用 neither … nor … 结构。如：

I haven't read From Earth to Moon, and he hasn't either.

Neither he nor I have read From Earth to Moon.

There is no desk in the room. There is no chair in it, either.

There is neither desk nor chair in the room.

3 、利用句子间的并列、因果、转折等逻辑关系。如：

He was ill yesterday. He didn't come.

He was ill yesterday, so he didn't come.

Because he was ill yesterday, he didn't come.

Grace was very thin. She couldn't do such hard work.

Grace was too thin to do such hard work.

四、复合句与简单句的相互转换。

1 、 when 引导的表示年龄的时间状语从句 与 at the age of … 。如：

He began to learn English when he was ten years old.

He began to learn English at the age of ten.

2 、宾语从句 与 疑问词 + to do 。如：

The old woman didn't know what she should do at that moment.

The old woman didn't know what to do at that moment.

They haven't decided where they will go.

They haven't decided where to go.

3 、 It rained heavily. He didn't go to school

The heavy rain stopped him from gong to school.

(find+that+ 主语（主格） +be+ 表语 find+ 宾语（宾格） + 宾补 )

I found she was wrong.

I found her wrong

(see/hear/ … that 从句 see/hear … sb do sth/doing sth)

I saw he played football yesterday.

I saw him play football yesterday.

五、复合句与并列句的相互转换。

1 、 though 引导的让步状语从句 与 连接词为 but 的并列句。如：

Though Jack is small, he is strong.

Jack is small, but he is strong.

2 、 because 引导的原因状语从句 与 连接词为 so 的并列句。如：

Father couldn't say a word because he was very angry.

Father was very angry, so he couldn't say a word.

3 、祈使句 与 if 引导的条件状语从句。如：

Think hard, and you'll find a way.

If you think hard, and you'll find a way.

Hurry, or we'll miss the train.

If we don't hurry, we'll miss the train.

六、其它类型。

1 、直接引语 与 宾语从句

I asked him, “ Do you have a pen?”

I asked him if/whether he had a pen.

2 、直接引语（祈使句） 与 不定式

“Don't be late,” the teacher said to me.

The teacher told me not to be late.

3 、 He works in the hospital. I work in the hospital, too.

He works in the hospital. So do I.

You can't speak Japanese. I can't speak Japanese, either

You can't speak Japanese. Neither can I.