新概念英语第二册第十一课到十五课听课笔记

Lesson 11

★New words and expressions

☆turn n.行为，举止
“行为，举止”常用behavior
Pay attention to your behavior.
turn:对人有影响力的行为，很少用。

☆deserve v.应得到，值得（重点）
He deserves praise.
You deserve the best.

deserve+n:He deserved a promotion.
deserve to do:She deserved to be punished.
Good work deserves good pay.

☆lawyer n.律师
lawyer's office:律师事务所

☆salary n.工资
pay：工资（salary+wage)
collect:收集，领取 collect salary/wage:领工资
salary:工资（月薪，年薪）——有固定工作或管理阶层
wage:工资（按小时，周算的）——不稳定的工作
bonus：奖金，红利

☆immediately adv.立刻
right now:现在
at once=right away=immediately:立刻，马上

★Text

One good turn deserves another:礼尚往来 善有善报（更好）
I was having dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in.Tony worked in a lawyer's office years ago,but he is now working at a bank.He gets a good salary,but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back.Tony saw me and came and sat at the same table.He has never borrowed money from me.While he was eating,I asked him to lend me twenty pounds.To my surprise,he gave me the money immeiately.'I have never borrowed any money from you,'Tony said,'so now you can pay for my dinner!'

☆He gets a good salary.
get a good salary:薪水不错
The teacher in the new oriental school can get a good salary.

☆pay back=repay:还钱

☆at table:吃饭
at the table: 坐在桌子旁边

☆pay for(为……而付钱）有点类似于ask for（要……）
pay (money) for...;ask (sb) for...
I have paid for you a dinner.
I have paid 20 dollars for the book.(强调钱）

It's my treat.我请客。
Let's go duthch.AA制
不想请：This time is your treat,next time my turn.

★Key structures
a.What is happening now?——现在进行
现在正在发生；现阶段
b.What always happens?——一般时态
（现在，过去，将来）习惯，反复
c.What happened?——过去时态
在过去的时间里发生的事情，不强调对现在的影响和跟其他时间比较，叫一般过去式。
过去的过去——过去完成时
有过去发生的动作，但是还强调对现在的影响——现在完成时
有(yesterday,last night),以前的事情，没有强调对现在的影响——一般过去时
d.What has happened——现在完成时态
过去的行为对现在产生影响或者过去的行为一直延续到现在——一般完成时
e.What was happening?——过去进行时态
过去某一特定时间发生的动作——过去进行时

★难点
... sb to do sth
ask,want,tell,order,expect,wish,allow,advise,would like,teach,prefer
一定不能说hope sb to do
正确用法：hope to do;hope that...

Lesson 13

★New words and expressions

☆group n.小组，团体
group指合唱团
band:n.乐队

☆pop singer:流行歌手
pop:popular adj.受欢迎的
pop song(music)：流行音乐
pop star

☆club n.俱乐部
night club:夜总会

☆performance n.演出
-mance:名词标志
perform v.演出

☆occasion n.场合
中文：在某种条件下，某种环境中
英文：occasion=time,时候
this occasion:on the/this occasion
occasionally=sometimes adv.有时候，偶尔

★Text

The Greenwood boys
The Greenwood Boys are a group of pop singers.At present,they are visiting all parts of the country.They will be arriving here tomorrow.They will be coming by train and most of the young people in the town will be meeting them at the station.Tomorrow evening they will be singing at the Worker's Club.The Greenwood Boys will be staying for five days.During this time,they will give five performances.As usual,the police will have a difficult time.They will be trying to keep order.It is always the same on these occasions.

☆visit v.拜访，参观；（歌手）巡演
visit+地点，表示去某地
若带有职业相关目的，就是去做相关的事
The headmasters of the New Oriental school visited lanzhou.

本课学到3个“演出”：
1.visit;2.sing;3.give five performances

☆most of...大多数的
most of the...=most...
most of the young people/most young people

☆tomorrow evening:明天晚上
yesterday evening:昨天晚上； this evening:今天晚上
morning,afternoon的用法同evening
night:
last night:昨天夜间；tonight:今天夜间；
tomorrow night:明天夜间；next night:第二天夜间

☆The police will have a difficult time..
have a good time:玩得开心
have a hard time:生活得艰辛
have a difficult time:日子不像平时那样惬意

★Key structures
将来进行时
用一般将来时和将来进行时所表述的含义是一致的。
一般将来时：shall/will+动词原形
1.表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态
2.将来时的其他结构

1.shall/will+动词原形
2.be going to do sth:打算做某事 be gonna(美语）
3.be+to do sth:表示计划安排做某事或用来征求意见
4.be about to do sth:即将做某事
5.will be doing:表示将要做某事
6.be doing:（瞬间动词）表示将来时态
7.一般现在时表示将要发生
一般的情况可以互换，遇上没有办法打算和计划安排的，只能用will be

★Special difficulties
ten pounds' worth of minced meat
There was a hundred pounds' worth of damage.
 

Lesson 14

★New words and expressions

☆amusing adj.好笑的，有趣的
amused:感到好笑的
v.amuse

interesting:一般有意思
funny:好笑的，可以指贬义；开心的，令人开心的（不一定笑）
interesting/funny story
amusing:倾向于让某人笑出声

☆experience n.经历
经历—可数名词 +s(a/an)
经验—不可数名词，原形
experienced:有经验的

☆wave v.招手
wave to sb:向某人招手

☆lift n.搭便车
take a bus/taxi/lift
take a lift:搭便车
give sb a lift:让某人搭便车
thumb lift:拇指便车

☆reply v.回答
vi.answer=reply
vt.answer sth/reply to sth
回信：answer the letter/reply to the letter

☆language n.语言
母语：native language（书面），mother tongue（口语）

☆journey n.旅行
trip:短距离旅行或出差
出差：go on business/go on a trip
travel:周游（长途）
tour:为了玩； tourist:游客
journey:所有的旅行
voyage:旅行（海上）；flight:空中飞行；journey:偏重于陆地旅行

★Text

Do you speak English
I had an amusing experience last year.After I had left a small village in the south of France,I drove on to the next town.On the way,a young man waved to me.I stopped and he asked me for a lift.As soon as he had got into the car,I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language.Apart from a few words,I do not know any French at all.Neither of us spoke during the journey.I had nearly reached the town,when the young man suddenly said,very slowly,'Do you speak English?'As I soon learnt,he was English himself!

☆after:从句的标志，后面的叫时间状语从句，主句的动作发生在从句之后。
如果两个都是过去时，同时发生，会用进行时态；
如果一先一后发生，发生在前的动作为过去完成时态。

☆as soon as:一……就……
后面一定要加一个句子（时间状语从句），一后面的先发生
强调两个动作几乎是连在一起的

☆用某种语言：in+某种语言

☆apart from:除了……之外
apart from=except for,习惯上放在句首
except for可以不放在句首，强调整体当中某 一方面除外，剩下的整体都不错。
apart from有两层含义：except,besides
except和besides可放在句子中间，besides指在整体上加上，except要从整体减掉

☆either of sb:……中的任何一个
neither of sb:……中的任何一个都不
either,neither都是指两个当中的任何一个
如果不只两个人，就是none of
none,neither一旦出现，这句话就不会再有not

☆as I learnt
learn:知道，得知；know:知道
As+主语+动词+逗号+句子（as:正如）
eg:As we know,the New Concept English is very good.

★Key structures
过去完成时
过去的过去或两个动作都在过去，一个动作在前，一个在后，发生在前的动作为过去完成时。
过去完成时一定要以一个过去时态做铺垫，这个动作一定要发生在had done之后。
[特殊]until:主句和从句两个都用一般过去时对，任何一个用过去完成时也对。

Lesson 15

★New words and expressions

☆secretary n.秘书
secret n.秘密

☆nervous adj.精神紧张的
nervous:事情正在发生
worried:为以后的事情担心
upset:不安的，事情发生以后

☆afford v.负担得起
afford sth:I can afford the book.
afford money/time:I can afford five yuan.
afford to do sth:I can afford to buy the book.
注意：一定要加情态动词can

☆interrupt v.插话，打断
n.interruption
disturb sb:打扰某人
interrupt sb:打断某人的话

★Text

Good news
The secretary told me Mr Harmsworth would see me.I felt very nervous when I went into his office.He did not look up from his desk when I entered.After I had sat down,he said that business was very bad.He told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries.Twenty people had already left.I knew that my turn had come.
'Mr Harmsworth.'I said in a weak voice.
'Don't interrupt.'he said.
Then he smiled and told me I would receive an extra thousand pounds a year!

☆look up:朝上看
look down:朝下看
look down upon/on sb:瞧不起某人（词义太重）

☆The firm could not afford to pay such large salaries.（重点）
pay salaries:支付薪水；collect salary:领薪水

如此：so,such
so的后面加形容词或副词
such的后面加名词，允许在该名词前加修饰词

☆My turn has come.（书面语）
It's my turn.（口语）

☆in a ... voice
in a loud/low/weak/strong voice
low:音量低；weak:心里不塌实

☆extra,other,more,another
最灵活的是more
more可以放数词和名词之间，甚至可以放在整个名词的后面
extra和other一定放在数词和名词之间，another一定放在数词前面
记住几个短语：one extra thousand;two others;once more;another three days

★Key structures
陈述句的间接引语（宾语从句）

一.主从一致：主句和从句的时态一致
主句的动词为一般现在时，从句为任意时态
主句的动词为一般过去时，从句为相对应的过去时态
一般现在时——一般过去时
现在进行时——过去进行时
现在完成时——过去完成时
将来完成时——过去将来完成时
一般过去时——过去完成时

二.人称变化
主要是第一和第二人称变化，“设身处地”

三.只要属于宾语从句，引导词that可以省略
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