lesson 41

rude adj. 无礼的
mirror n 镜子
hole n 孔
remark v 评说
remind v 提醒
lighthouse n 灯塔

look up sth in the dictionary查字典
look at oneself in the mirror照镜子
his novel is a mirror of his time他的小说就是他那个时代的真实写照
mirrot ...的写照,...的真实反映
polite
以p开头的形容词的否定前缀im
impolite不礼貌的，表示没有注意到礼节性的问题
rude：强调故意的
cheeky无礼，没礼貌的，表示小孩对长辈
naive天真的
hole in
remind sb of sth
remind sb to do sth
reminder

text

'Do you call that a hat ?' I said to my wife.
'You needn't be so rude about it,' my wife answered as she looked at herself in
the mirror.I sat down on one of those modern chairs with holes in it and waited. We had
been in the hat shop for half an hour and my wife was still in front of the mirror.
' We mustn't buy things we don't need,' I remarked suddenly. I regretted saying
it almost at once. 'You needn't have said that,' my wife answered.
' I need not remind you of that terrible tie you bought yesterday.'
' I find it beautiful,' I said. 'A man can never have too many ties.'
'And a woman can't have too many hats,' she answered.
Ten minutes later we walked out of the shop together. My wife was wearing
a hat that looked like a lighthouse !

need
call sb sth call that
be rude be rude about sth be rude to sb
don't be rude to me别对我这么粗鲁
needn't：不必on the chair
he has been there
bookstore书店 drugstore药店
must表示必须 mustn't不能、不准
need的否定形式：needn't don't need
regretted doing sth后悔已经做
needn't have done原本不必做，但是做了，强调过去的动作不必做
you needn't have bought it你原本不必买的
remind sb of sth
needn't do：现在的动作也不必做
never＝not too无论...也不为过
A man can never have too many ties.再多的领带对一个男人来说也不为过
i can never thank you too much：感激不尽
drinking water can never be too clean饮用水越干净越好
a wife can never complain too much妻子怎么罗嗦也不为过

need：需要
needn't：非实义动词，情态动词，无时态变化，也没有人称
don't need：实义动词有任意一种时态，有人称变化
need i...？（情态）do i need...？实义动词
情态动词后面一定要加动词原形
在实义动词后面再加一个实义动词，就在后面加to do
need i go out？do i need to go out？
情态动词后面不能直接用名词做宾语
实义动词后面可以直接加名词
we don't need things（名词）...
you don't need to be

needn't have done：过去不必做，但是做了
mustn't 不准
can't ：不可能
you don't...：事实

key structures
must可能等于have to 表示必须，不等于have to时表示推测
1、对现在和将来加原形
2、对正在be doing
3、对过去have done
4、对过去正在have been doing
be bad for对什么有害
smoking is bad for your health抽烟有害你的健康
observe：仔细地看

multiple choices
3......
do you have to...?yes，i do/no，i don't
have to 必须
do you have to...?no,i don't have to do sth
mustn't不准 don't have to 不必
must＝have to必须
英文中要么助动词之后所有地东西都省略，要么省到不定式标志
would you like to do sth？yes，i'd like to
no，i don't/no，i don't need to
do you want to go to school？yes，i do/yes，i want to
would you like to see the menu？yes，i'd like to（后结动词
would you like some bananas？yes，i’d like（后结名词）
do you need the hat？no，i needn't
7......
can never：不可能＝can't
unable：不可能，be able（unable） to
impossible
improbable，：不太可能probably很有可能
incapable：没有能力，be capable of
8......
reflect:发射，reflection：反射地东西
idol：偶像
imagination：想象
picture：照片，图象
11......
wear/dress/put on/have on穿
wear（状态）
dress，dress sb：给某人穿衣服，强调动作
put on（动作）
have sth on（状态）
in a green coat
she is in a green coat
be in＋衣服（状态）
12......
match：与...相配
lien：与...做比较，compare，liken sth to another thing
we liken the hat to a lighthouse
resemble：像 vt a resemble b
appear：显得，similar：与...相似，be similar to

remark/notice
notice：看
remark：说
make rude remark(粗话）
call one's name： 骂人
say F words
fail to do：没有能够，表示强烈地肯定，not fail to
you can not fail to notict it

lesson 42

musical adj 精通音乐的
market n 市场，集市
snake character 玩蛇者（通常借音乐控制)
pipe n （吹奏的）管乐器
tune n 曲调
glimpse n 一瞥
snake n 蛇
movement n 动作
continue v 继续
dance v 跳舞
obviously adv 显然
difference n 差别
Indian adj 印度的
have a glimpse of：瞥了一眼,引入眼帘（无意识，非主动看，东西进入视线）
glance at：扫了一眼（有意识）
action ：采取行动，行动
move：移动
begin/start/continue to do
begin/start/continue doing
i continue to go/going on
continue ＋ sth
let's continue our trip
let's continue out journey
dance to the music随着音乐跳舞
tell the difference between a and b说出两者之间的差异
can you tell the difference between them？
be different from
a is different from b
differ v.
pipe:两头通的东西
obviously＝clearly
obviously you are wrong
obviously i love you

text

As we had had a long walk through one of the markets of Old Delhi, we stopped
at a square to have a rest. After a time,we noticed a snake-charmer with two
large baskets at the other side of the square, so we went to have a look at him.
As soon as he saw us, he picked up a long pipe which was covered with coins and
opened one of the baskets. When he be-gan to play a tune, we had our first
glimpse of the snake. It rose out of the basket and began to follow the move-
ments of the pipe.We were very much surprised when the snake charmer sud-
denly began to play jazz tunes and popu-lar modern songs. The snake, however,
continued to 'dance' slowly. It obviously could not tell the difference between
Indian music and jazz!

have a walk/rest/lock
have a ＋名词，这个名词可以与动词同行的
have a swim/bath
have a bath＝bathe，have a swim＝swim
have a walk ＝ walk
have a look ＝ look
have a rest ＝ rest
have a +名词＝动词
一个动词的后面加介词（如果这个动词是不及物动词），这个动词后面加什么样的介词，
名词也可以加什么样的介词
look at－》have a look at；walk across－》have a walk across
succeed in doing sth－》be successful in－》succeed in
to 放在一个句子的后面起目的作用
at the other side of
be vovered with：盖满
play a tune（可数名词）
tune，可数名词；music，不可数名词

have a（first） glimpse of
at the first sight
i love you at the first sight of you
rise：升，vi
raise：提高，vt
follow the movements of the pipe
obviously更习惯放句首

pick：采摘，pick apples
pick up拣起
pick sb up：接某人（顺路），meet sb＋地点，专程接
pick up a lot of english＝learn a lot of english
pick out：挑出来
pick up the radio program（the program on the radio）在广播上收听节目

exercise
2...——————。
by doing...通过做某事，通过某种方式
by train 乘火车
by the river沿着河边
be the end of...到......时候为止
i show him my respect by sending him flowers
3...________...
so as to...为了，表示目的
to不定式做状语表目的
in order 在秩序中，有秩序的，有次序的，整洁的，整齐的
keep your room in order
in order to＋v为了
in order that＋从句：为了
7...it_______
might not可能不
may not可能不
must not不准
be not able to不可能
语法精髓：Nouns
1、julie went to the_____ to buy a pair of shoes
a）shoes store b）shoe's store
c）shoe store d）shoe's store answer： c
表示类别的商店，用单数名词修饰
2、as a safety precaution，all city cab drivers carry
only enough money to make change for a_____bill。
a）ten－dollar b）ten－dollars
c）tens－dollar d）ten－dollar's
answer：a
cab drivers＝taxi drivers
bill纸币
有连字符连接的单词没有复数，连字符单词做定语
3、recently，he has lost all his_____at cards。
a）wage and saving b）wages and saving
c）wage and savings d）wages and savings
wage薪水和saving积蓄，两种不同概念
answer：d

4、i want______.
a）a dollar worth candy b）candy a dollar's worth
c）a dollar's worth of candy d）a dollar worth's candy
a dollar's worth of n
answer：c

5、the surroundings a child grows up in usually___an effect
on his development
a）have b）had c）do d）had
have an effect on对......有效果
grow up 成长
in 连接作用
the surroundings做主语
a child grows up定语从句
answer：a

lesson 43

pole n （地球的）极
flight n 飞行
explorer n 探险家
lie v 处于
serious adj 严重的
point n 地点
seem v 似乎，好像，看起来
crash v 坠毁
sack n 袋子
clear v 越过
aircraft n 飞机
endless adj 无尽的
plain n 平原

South Pole 南极
North Pole 北极
Pole Star 北极星
explore v 探险
exploration n （科研相关）探索，探求，开发
adventure n 冒险（追求刺激）
venture n 冒险（为了财富，没有生命保障）
tell a lie 撒谎
lie n 谎言；lie v 撒谎 Eg. you lied。you liar！
lie，lied，lied撒谎
lie，lay，lain 处于，位于
stay in bed/lie in bed趟在床上
lie现在分词－－》lying
lay v 放，放置：lay an eff 下一个蛋
lay vt. lay sth ，lay，laid，laid
hang，hung，hung挂，悬挂
hang，hanged，hanged绞刑
you lied！
you lied to me
lie in bed
point点，一般指从飞机上向下看的点
地点place，spot
dot 点
@-->at

seem ＋ as if
seem ＋ adv
seem to be
seem that
Eg.：he seems rich。
he seems to be rich
it seems that he is rich
it seems that 看起来似乎
seem as if看起来似乎
Eg.:he seems as if he had never lived in England before

crash（从上向下掉）
aircrash空难
strike 撞击
clash撞击，冲突

over 越过（距离）
clear （凌空）越过
go over飞跃
clear the mountain飞跃山峰
the horse cleared the fense
mountains 高山
plain girl 平凡的女孩
i'm a plain girl

text

In 1929, three years after his flight over
the North Pole, the American explorer,
R. E. Byrd, successfully flew over the
South Pole for the first time. Though, at
first, Byrd and his men were able to take
a great many photographs of the moun-
tains that lay below, they soon ran into
serious trouble. At one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash. It
could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet. Byrd at once ordered
his men to throw out two heavy food sacks. The plane was then able to rise and
it cleared the mountains by 400 feet.Byrd now knew that he would be able to
reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away, for there were no more mountains in sight. The aircraft was able to fly
over the endless white plains without difficulty.

exercises：
can－－可能性
be able to－－可能性，强调成功地做

4......
could与过去时态有关，强调可能性
be able to强调成功地做
用过去式表达，表示在过去发生
过去完成时，强调在过去地过去
5...d...
could rise －－有可能，不知道结果
might rise －－ 可能
might succeed in rising－－可能成功地做
rose－－没有情态动词，表示已经成为事实
6...d...
be able to
was/were able to－－表示这个动作在过去成功地做
will be able to--将来可能会成＝can
 

lesson 44

forest n 森林
risk n 危险，冒险
picnic n 野餐
edge n 边缘
strap n 带，皮带
possession n 所有
breath n 呼吸
contents n （常用复数）内有地物品
mend v 修理

out of breath 上气不接下气
waste one's breath 白费口舌
in one breath：片刻
hold one's breath：屏住呼吸
bad breath：口臭
content：内容（抽象）

text

Mrs Anne Sterling did not think of the risk she was taking when she ran through
a forest after two men. They had rushed up to her while she was having a picnic
at the edge of a forest with her children and tried to steal her handbag. In the
struggle, the strap broke and, with the bag in their possession, both men started
running through the trees. Mrs Sterling got so angry that she ran after them. She
was soon out of breath, but she continued to run. When she caught up with them,
she saw that they had sat down and were going through the contents of the bag, so
she ran straight at them. The men got such a fright that they dropped the bag
and ran away. 'The strap needs mending,' said Mrs Sterling later, 'but they
did not steal anything.'

Mrs. Anne Sterling did not think of the risk...
take a risk：冒...风险
run after：追赶，追随，追求，
run behind：在某人后面跑
run to：跑向
rush up to：
up：向上；面对面 （down：方向相同）
in one's possession：为某人所拥有
so...that：如此...以至于
continued to do：接着做
catch up with：追上，赶上（强调结果）
contents of the bag：包里的东西
go through：浏览，翻看
run（straight）at
need doing：需要做，需要被做（被动含义）
needn't可以回答must开头的疑问句，只能用在肯定句中，可以直接加动词－ing
want doing：主动，表示被动含义
它们的主语一定是物
need to be done主语是人，也可以是物
1、never/not think of the risk she was taking
2、with sth in one's possession
3、need doing

letter writing：
Esq.
Esquire写信时对男性的敬称（放在人名的后面）
Mr.and Mrs.（已婚）
先写人名，再写地址

key structures
a.动词-ing做介词宾语，或做主语
b.to 做介词＋动词-ing
look forward to，be used to，be accustomed to（习惯于），
devote oneself to全身心投入， object to反对
my mother devote herself to doing the housework
i object to eating out
c.begin，start，continue＋to do/doing（没有区别）
d.hate，love，like＋doing--表示一种习惯
hate，love，like＋to do--表示一次性的行为
i like drinking tea我喜欢喝茶
i like to drink coffee我喜欢喝咖啡（现在）
would love/like to do：表示想要
i hate to disturb you，but can i come in for a moment please？
我不愿意打扰你，但我可以进来一会儿吗？
i hate disturbing people when they are busy
人们忙的时候，我不愿意打扰
i hate to （say)...
i hate to say i have no money，but i really need them
i hate to say，but i really have something important to do
e.need， want
如果以物体为主语，可以直接加动词-ing，表达被动含义

i hate to leave so early，but i'm afraid i have to（很好的告别用语）

mutiple choice
4.
that's后一般加特殊疑问词引导的从句
或that's all 加从句
for 加句子的时候，放在主句之后
biaoshi由于某个理由，我们不说for this，而说for this reason
5.frightful ＝ terrible
frightened感到害怕的
10.
steal后面加物，rob的后面加人
steal sth from sb
rob sb of sth
8.
what she did她做的事
what i said is true我所说的话是真的
that is what i heard那就是我所听到的事情
what＝the thing that
the thing is that my brother will come/arrive
the thing surprised me
the thing that/whick surprised me is that my brother will come
what surprised me is that my brother will come

lesson 45

clear adj 无罪的，不亏心的
conscience n 良心，道德心
wallet n 皮夹，钱夹
savings n 存款
villager n 村民
percent 百分之...

clear conscience 问心无愧
guilty conscience 问心有愧
i have a clear conscience 我问心无愧
i have a guilty conscience我问心有愧
bad conscience问心有愧
purse 钱包（女士用）
handbag手袋
billfold钱包（美语）
savings account存款帐号
checking account存款（没有利息）
deposit定金
deposit account存款（有利息）
ATM 自动取款机
auto teller machine
self-service machine自助银行
cash card取款卡
three percent百分之三

text

The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost. Sam Benton,
the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post-office. Sam
was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers, but it was
not returned to him. Three months passed, and then one morning, Sam found
his wallet outside his front door. It had been wrapped up in newspaper and it
contained half the money he had lost, to-gether with a note which said: 'A thief,
yes, 'but only 5o per cent a thief!' Two months later, some more money was sent
to Sam with another note:'Only 25 percent a thief now!' In time, all Sam's
money was paid back in this way. The last note said:' I am 100 per cent honest
now!'

learn得知
the whole world learn...全世界都知道
while doing是一个省略形式
这种情况应具备两个条件
1、这个动作的主语跟主句的主语一样
2、这句话一定要是进行时态
这句话完整的应为
while he was taking...
must have been done
must have done 表示对过去的推测
must have been done 是表示对过去被动的推测
三种表示一段时间以后，另外一件事情发生的方式
1、...passed and then
2、some time later
3、some passed before
wrap up 包裹
it had been wrapped up in newspaper by somebody
half the money钱的一半
half an hour半个小时
half a year半年
together with＝with介词短语作状语，表示随他一起的还有
i with my son went there我带着我的儿子去了那
my som and i went there。
the picture said...图片上说
Newspaper said...报纸上说
Note said...纸条上说
some more money又有一些钱
in time＝in the end 最终
pay back还回来
...per cent作副词

structure
no。3
while doing两者同时发生
while sb was doing当......的时候
能用while；as的地方就可以用when，反之则不一定
A
when 后的时间表达式既可以是点，也可以是段
while后的时间表达只可以是段
as 等同于while
no.7
send ＝ take/give
send/take/give sb sth
双宾语一般用离动词最近的宾语来做被动态的主语
sb be sent sth
send sth to sb
sth be sent to sb
no.6
对名词的提问用what
no.10
contain/container
include指一种抽象的包含
no.12
a time一段时间
for a long time
after a time＝after some time
 
星沙英语网