lesson 46

unload v 卸（货）
wooden adj 木制的
extremely adv 非常，极其
occur v 发生
astonish v 使惊讶
pile n 堆
woollen n 羊毛的
goods n （常用复数）货物，商品
discover v 发现
admit v 承认
confine v 关在（一个狭小的空间里）
normal adj 正常的，通常的
load 装货
extremely beautiful表示漂亮到极点
i am tired。
i am extremely tired
happen vi
what happened/occured？
it happened to me......发生在我身上
what happened to the clavichord
it occured to me......我想起了一件事
it occured to sb that......
it occured to me that i didn't finish my homework我想起来了，我的作业还没做
i have a good idea/a good idea occured to me我想起一个好主意

it suddenly occured to one of the workers to open up the box。
sth occur to sb
如果一个动词跟人的情绪有关，则它的宾语是人
其形容词有两个：令人--ing；感到--ed
astonishing/astonished
surprise/shock/astonish
surprise 最常用，但意思肤浅
shock 不快的事情
astonish 难以置信的事
i am surprised
i am astonished
astound非常吃惊
deny拒绝
deny sth/deny doing
admit sth/admit doing sth
i admit having lunch
sb was confined to
confine to 固定用法

text

When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload
a number of wooden boxes which contained clothing. No one could account for
the fact that one of the boxes was extremely heavy. It suddenly occurred to
one of the workers to open up the box.He was astonished at what he found. A
man was lying in the box on top of a pile of woollen goods. He was so surprised at
being discovered that he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested, the
man admitted hiding in the box before the plane left London. He had had a long
and uncomfortable trip, for he had been confined to the wooden box for over ten
hours. The man was ordered to pay &345 for the cost of the trip. The normal
price of a ticket is &230 !

occur to sb
it occur to sb to do sth/that......
clothing/clothes
clothing在分类时强调衣服这一种类
clothes表示“衣服”的单数名词的复数形式
no one could.....没人能
no one knows.....没人知道
account fo：explain解释（令人满意的）
give the explanation
一个句子跟在一个名词后，可以是：
1、定语从句
2、同位语从句
my friend Lucy
i know the fact that he doesn't know
i do know the fact that he doesn't know
1、同位语从句后的that是起解释说明的作用
而定语从句是起修饰的作用
2、that在从句中做主语或宾语成分，则是定语从句
that在从句中不能做主语或宾语成分，则是同位语从句
be astonished at对某件事吃惊
be surprised at对某件事吃惊
what＝the thing that
on top of在......上面
a pile of一堆
piles of snow
at the top of/on top of
on top of 与顶端有接触
at the top of在.....上方（at the top of 之前的词属于其之后的词的范围之内
admit doing sth
be confined to
over：more than
pay......for......为......付钱
pay付钱
cost of......的花费
the cost of government政府开支
it is too expensive!（表示贵得不可接受）
dear昂贵的（可以接受）
have a trip
go on a trip

2、because后面加原因
to后面加目的
avoid后面一定要加doing避免做某事
fare车费，乘坐的交通工具的费用
4、a、the wooden （adj）木头的
b、the wood木头
表示木头制的东西用wooden

key structures
固定搭配,在一部分动词后面加to，at，for，with
a to:accustom(ed),amount,appeal,apply(or for),accach(ed),attend,belong,challenge,compare(or
with),condemn(ed),confess,confine,consent,convert,entitle(d),listen,metion,object,occur,prefer,react(or
against),reply,respond,see,submit,surrender,turn,yield
与to连用：习惯于，达到，呼吁，适用于，附属于，参加，属于，向......提出挑战，比较
判刑， 承认， 限制， 同意， 改信(某宗教)，享有权利，听，提到，反对，想到，更喜欢，对......反应
回答， 响应，注意，服从于，向......投降，转向，屈服
b AT:amuse, arrive(or in), astonish(ed)(or by),exclaim, glance, guess, knock
look, point(or to), shock(ed)(or by), stare, surprise(d)(or by), wonder(or about),work(or on)
与at连用：对...感到有趣，到达，感到惊愕，惊叫，对...看一眼，猜测，敲
看，指向，感到震惊，盯着...看，感到惊讶，感到惊异，钻研

c for:account, ask(or of), act(or on), apologize, blame, beg, call, charge, exchange, hope,
look, mistake, mourn, pay, prepare, provide, search, thank, vote(or on), wait(or on)
与for连用：说明（原因）；请求；代表；因...而道歉；责备；乞求；需要；收费；交换；希望；
寻找；误认为；哀悼；为...付款；准备；提供；寻求；感谢；投票支持；等候

d with:agree, begin, communicate, compare(or to), compete(or against), comple, confuse, contrast(or to)
cope, correspond, disgust(ed), finish, help(or in), interfere(or in), mix, occupy(ied), part, please(d),
quarrel( or about),reason, satisfy(ied)( or by), threaten(ed).
与with连用：同意；以...开始；与...联络；与...比较；同...竞争；同意；误作；形成对照
对付；与...一致；使...讨厌；完成；帮组；干扰；混合；从事于；放弃；对......满意；
争论；规劝；感到满足；威胁

lesson 47

thirsty adj 贪杯的
ghost n 鬼魂
haunt v （鬼）来访，闹鬼
block v 堵
furniture n 家具
whisky n 威士忌
suggest v 暗示
shake v （shook，shaken）摇动
accept v 接受
thirsty 渴的
i am thirsty for the book。
be thirsty for 渴望得到
ghost强调魂
the ghost haunt闹鬼
the ghost haunted the house这个房子闹鬼
haunt（专指鬼魂） ＝ visit
the pipe was blocked
furniture不可数
a piece of furniture一件家具
a set of furniture一套家具
Scotoch一种上等的威士忌
wine果酒，如葡萄酒，石榴酒等
beer啤酒
brandy白兰地
suggest常用用法：1、＋that从句
2、＋doing
accept：receive sth with pleasent

text

A thirsty ghost

A public house which was recently bought by Mr Ian Thompson is up for sale. Mr
Thompson is going to sell it because it is haunted. He told me that he could not go
to sleep one night because he heard a strange noise coming from the bar. The
next morning, he found that the doors had been blocked by chairs and the furni-
ture had been moved. Though Mr Thompson had turned the lights off be-
fore he went to bed, they were on in the morning. He also said that he had found
five empty whisky bottles which the ghost must have drunk the night before.
When I suggested that some villagers must have come in for a free drink, Mr
Thompson shook his head. The villagers have told him that they will not
accept the inn even if he gives it away.

a public house 酒吧
up for sale有待出售
on sale 打折卖
for sale拿出来卖的
up for有待于
this problem is up for discussion这个问题有待于讨论
hear sb doing 听见某人做某事
turn off 关闭
the light is on这个灯是亮的
the night before前一天晚上
last night昨天晚上
the next day 下一天
shake one's head摇头
nod one's head点头
even if即使
give away捐献，免费的送

multiple choice
7、in one's opinion就某人看来，以某人观点，某人认为
have to＝have get to
should可以是情态动词，表应该
it's too late，i should go home太晚了，我要回家了
must＋v（原形）：1、必须做很可能做
 
lesson 48

pull v 拔
cotton wool 药棉
collect v 搜集
collection n 收藏品，收集品
nod v 点头
meanwhile adv 同时

pull（vt） 拔，拉，反义词push 推
pull one's leg开某人玩笑
you are pulling my leg你在开我玩笑
don't pull my leg any more不要再开我玩笑
you are kidding你在开玩笑
no kidding不要开玩笑
you are joking
collect salary领工资
collect money筹集资金
collect stamp集邮
collect children收养孩子
meanwhile＝at the same time
用法和however一样，不能连接两个句子，但在意思上有承接作用

text

Did you want to tell me something

Dentists always ask questions when it is impossible for you to answer. My dentist
had just pulled out one of my teeth and had told me to rest for a while. I tried to
say something, but my mouth was full of cotton-wool. He knew I collected
birds' eggs and asked me whether my collection was growing. He then asked
me how my brother was and whether I liked my new job in London. In answer
to these questions I either nodded or made strange noises. Meanwhile, my
tongue was busy searching out the hole where the tooth had been. I suddenly felt
very worried, but could not say anything.When the dentist at last removed the
cotton-wool from my mouth, I was able to tell him that he had pulled out the
wrong tooth.

be busy doing 忙于做某事
search out找出
判断是否是定语从句就看是否和前面的名词有关系
where＝介词＋which
that is the house which i lived in
that is the house where i lived
this is the river where i swim
where作定语从句的标志，修饰前面的hole
in answer to作为对...的回答
in return for作为对...的报答

lesson 49

tired adj 厌烦的
real adj 真正的
owner n 主人
spring n 弹簧
mattress n 床垫
gust n 一阵风
sweep n 扫刮（swept/swept/,swept)
courtyard n 院子
smash v 碰碎，摔碎
miraculously adv 奇迹般的
unhurt adj 没有受伤的
glance v 扫视
promptly adv 迅速地
be tired of sth/doing sth 讨厌做某事
true：真挚，真诚，符合标准
spring：春天，泉水
fountain人工喷泉
mat垫子
cushion座垫
breeze：微风
gale 大风，（突发的）一阵风
a gust of anger无名火
blow
sweep sth away把...刮走
smash sth into pieces把...摔成碎片
crash：受挤压而变碎
egg is easy to crash
break:打碎
cut into pieces切碎，剪碎
tear into pieces撕碎
crack：裂
backyard后院
court院子
yard院子
glance at
glare at瞪着
stare at盯着
gaze at：盯着（无限神往，羡慕地看）
promptly＝at once，immediately

text

The end of a dream

Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to
buy a real bed. For the first time in his life, he became the proud owner of a bed
which had springs and a mattress. Because the weather was very hot, he
carried the bed on to the roof of his house. He slept very well for the first two
nights, but on the third night, a storm blew up. A gust of wind swept the bed
off the roof and sent it crashing into the courtyard below. The young man did not
wake up until the bed had struck the ground. Although the bed was smashed
to pieces, the man was miraculously unhurt. When he woke up, he was still on
the mattress. Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him, the
man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into his house. After he had put
it on the floor, he promptly went to sleep again.

be tired of：对......感到厌倦
如果一个名词和一个代词分别做主句和从句地主语，能把事物说清楚地名词
习惯放在主句做主语
用形容词短语直接做状语
tired of sleeping on the floor
Worried about my daughter，Lucy, she went to London to visit Lucy
i went home tired
i went home excited
for the first time in one's life平生第一次
for the first two nights头两天晚上
i study hard for the first two three days
blow up风越刮越大
speak up大声点
below：直接放在被修饰词之后作定语
一个句子中不能出现两个动词：
如果出现了两个动词，用and，but连接；或者把其中一个作为非谓语动词】
although：though
crash直接用主动形式，smash一般用作及物动词
glancing at＝be glancing
只有谓语动词才会把它变成集中时态

key structures
主语从句
what i say ...
宾语从句
i am sorry （that） i am late
定语从句
状语从句
原因状语because，as，since
条件状语if，
时间状语until，after，before，as
结果状语
目的状语to
following his mom，he went there
followed by his mom，he went there

letter writing
写business letter，参照范本
multiple choice
3、_______the hot weather，...
because， as， for＋句子：不能加词组
because the weather is hot...

5、How_____...
how对形容词或者副词提问
how本题中，对程度副词提问
the tree is tall
how tall is the tree
he sang songs beautifully
how beautifully did he sing
6、where...?______
down在......下（向下）；go down，sit down
under prep. ＋宾语
7、..._______around him
...that lay around him定语从句
laying（lay） vt 放；lay the eff
lying（lie）vi lie in bed
laid（lay）vt
lie，lied，lied撒谎
过去分词属于非谓语动词，做定语时与被修饰词形成被动关系
8。...very_____.
a gust of wind 一阵风
hard修饰动词，表示程度大
9....it _______the courtyard
crash vi 从上往下掉，摔碎
smash vt 敲击
knock v 敲击
explode v 爆炸
struck v 撞击

11....he______...
glance at（漫不经心的）扫视
look quickly at快速地看
had a glimpse of（无意识的）看
stare at 盯着看
watch 注视，密切关注
 
lesson 50

ride n 旅行
excursion n 远足
conductor n 售票员
view n 景色

trip（出差性的）旅行
travel（周游世界性的）旅行
journey（陆地上的）旅行
flight（空中）旅行
voyage（海上）旅行
tour游玩
sightseeing观光游
ride v 骑（车，马）
excursion n 游玩，郊游
weekend's excursion 周末游
Tomorrow we will have （a day's excursion 一日游）
sight n 景色，视线，视野
in one's view＝in one's opinion就某人看来
view n 景色（主观性较强）
sight（强调客观）
Can I have a room with a good view？

text

Taken for a ride

I love travelling in the country, but I
don't like losing my way. I went on an
excursion recently, but my trip took me
longer than I expected.
' I'm going to Woodford Green,' I said
to the conductor as I got on the bus,' but
I don't know where it is.'
' I'll tell you where to get off,' answered
the conductor.
I sat in the front of the bus to get a good
view of the countryside. After some time,
the bus stopped. Looking round, I realized
with a shock that I was the only passenger
left on the bus.
' You'll have to get off here,' the condoctor said. 'This is as far as we go.'
' Is this Woodford Green ?' I asked.
'Oh dear,' said the conductor suddenly.' I forgot to put you off.'
'It doesn't matter,' I said. 'I'll get off here.'
'We are going back now,' said the conductor.
'Well, in that case, I prefer to stay on the bus,' I answered.

love doing/like doing强调一种习惯，喜欢做某事
i love my brother，but i don't like his girlfriend
i love having dinner with you，but i don't like paying for dinner
go on an excursion＝have an excursion
take花费
take sb some time
Eg.：My trip took me a long time
it 形式主语
it takes sb some time to do sth
it takes sb some time that...
it took me a month to learn book 2
sb spend some time doing sth
i spent a month learning English
sb spend some time on sth
金钱上的花费cost，pay for sth
than i expected【口语话】比我所预料的
the question is easier than i expected
you are greater than i expected
you are more beautiful than i expected
you are better than i expected
than i thought比我原以为的
the holiday took you longer than i expected
the English class took me longer than i thought
get on the bus上车
get off the bus下车
i will tell you where you can（should） get off
i will tell you where to get off
语法结构：特殊疑问词＋to＋动词原形 可用来取代宾语从句
How can I get there？
can you tell me how i can get there
can you tell me how to get there
can you tell me what to do？
can you tell me how i should do
i don't know which to choose
i wonder when to have a meeting

exercise

1、did you find out____the pie out of oven？
a to take b have taken
c when to take d pile up answer ：c
find out 发现
pie馅饼
oven火炉
take sth out of 取出来
did you find out when we could（can）take the pie out of oven
in the front of前者属于后者的范围
in front of前者不属于后者的范围
the teacher stands in the front of the classroom
the teacher stands in front of the students

get a good view of 欣赏......的美景
i stood at the window to get a good view of the city
after some time＝after a time
looking round
现在分词或过去分词做状语，那么这个动作必然与主句主语相关
1、非谓语动词做状语，这个动作必然与主句主语有关
－ing与主句主语构成主动关系
－ed与主句主语构成被动关系
to do与主句主语构成目的关系
2、如果非谓语动词做定语，只与被修饰词相关，与主语无关
passing plain路过的飞机
ploughed field耕过的地
3、如果-ing/-ed做宾补，与宾语有关
i find the door locked
i realized with a shock that...
i do sth with an excitement

that引导宾语从句
left放在被修饰词之后
with＋n 表示状态
as far as we go
this is as far as i can do
as far as ＋ 从句；最大程度地，最大限度地
as far as we go＝we couldn't go any more
i can't bear（it any more）
it was more than i could bear
this is as far as i bear
this is as far as i can understand
this is as far as i can afford我只能付这么多钱
Oh dear哦，天呐
forget to do忘记去做某事
forget doing忘记已经做了什么事
I forget to shut the door我忘了锁门
i forget shutting the door我忘门已经锁了
put sb off
put off the meeting/put off the appointment表示推迟，延期
put sb off off adv＝remind sb to do 表示提醒
put sb off推脱，敷衍
My son always asks me to take him up，I always put him off
in that case如果那样的话
in this case如果这样的话
prefer to do sth宁可做某事
prefer to do...rather than...宁可...也不...

letter writing
how to begin a letter
a、给朋友写信要称呼他们的名字，如亲爱的弗雷德，决不要以亲爱德朋友之类德词语开头
b、给亲戚写信，则可以这样开头：亲爱的妈妈，亲爱的弗雷德叔叔；
但决不可称亲爱的表兄
如何给下列人写信：
你的祖母Dear grandma 你的表姐Dear Elizabeth
你的朋友杰克：Dear Jack 你的叔叔汤姆：Dear Uncle Tom

key structures

表示习惯性动作的动词
belong to，consist of，contain，desire，detest，hate，hope，love，matter，mean，mind，need，want，wish

special difficulties

lose丢失
loose adj 松动的
miss v 怀念，思念，错过
sth is lost/sth is missing
missing adj 不见了的
missing boy 失踪了的孩子
servral screws have come loose。
come loose系动词＋adj松了
expect，wait for

I get to the office in an hour
-->it takes me an hour to get to the office

bet on sth就...打赌