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怎样区分半连系动词         ★★★ 【字体:
怎样区分半连系动词
作者:佚名    文章来源:转载    点击数:    更新时间:2006-11-30

怎样区分半连系动词

  连系动词多有自己的意思,但不能独立作谓语,必须与表语(名词、形容词,或与之相当的词类、短语、从句)一起构成合成谓语。最常用的连系动词为be(是)动词,即完全连系动词,另外还有lookturnfeelgetbecomesoundsmellstandgoremain等半连系动词。无论是完全连系动词还是半连系动词、后面都有表语。由于半连系动词是由实意动词变来的,那如何分辨该动词为实意动词还是半连系动词呢?这对初学英语的中学生来说会感到有点困难,我在教学中尝试用比较法和替换法,使学生较能接受。

  1.比较法
  比较下列各组句子
  (1) A Please look at the blackboard.请看黑板。
  B He looked a perfect fool.他看上去是个十足的傻瓜。
  (2) ATurn to Page 16.翻到 16页。
  BHe turned traitor to his country.他背叛了祖国。

  AHe felt it his duty to help others
  他认为帮助别人是自己的责任。
  BI felt very hungry after a long walk
  走了一段长路,我感到很饿。

  A.Get me some ink.给我一些墨水。
  BOur motherland is getting stronger and stronger
  我们国家变得越来越强大了。

  ASuch words do not become a scholar
  那样的话不像出自学者之口。
  BSome of the land became covered with water
  一些田地覆盖着水。

  AThis black key on the piano won't sound
  这钢琴上的黑键按下去不响。
  B The story sounds interesting
  这故事听起来很有趣。

  A.I am sure I smell gas.我肯定闻到了煤气味。
  BThe flowers smell sweet.花朵散发芳香。

  AHe was too weak to stand.他太虚弱,不能站立。
  BHolding the note in his handhe stood there dumbfounded
  他拿着钞票,站在那里,目瞪口呆。

  AHe goes to school early every morning.
  他每天早上很早上学。

  B They went mad.他们发狂了。

  A I remained 3 weeks in Paris
  我在巴黎逗留了三周。
  BHe never remained satisfied with his success
  他从不满足于自己的成绩。

  2.替换法
  分析以上10组句子我们不难看出B组动词均为连系动词,因为如果我们把动词 be(是)的适当形式替代斜体动词,句子能够成立,后面的成分即是表语。
  (1He was a perfect fool
  (2He was a traitor to his country.
  (3I was very hungry after a long walk

  (4Our motherland is stronger and stronger
  (5Some of the land was covered with water
  (6The story is interesting
  (7The flowers are sweet
  (8Holding the note in his handhe was there dumbfounded
  (9They were mad
  (10He was never satisfied with his success
  反之,如果把 be(是)动词的适当形式替代 A组动词,句子则不能成立,无法解释,A组动词均不为连系动词:
  *lPlease be at the blackboard
  *2Be to Pagel6
  *3He was if his duty to help others
  *4Be me some ink
  *5Such words are not a scholar
  *6The black key on the piano won't be
  *7I am sure I am gas
  *8He was too weak to be
  *9He is to school early every morning
  *10I was 3 weeks in Paris
  另外半连系动词是由实意动词变来的。所以把含有半连系动词的句子改为疑问句时,一定要用助动词。
  例如:1 Do they look tired
  2Has she got ready
  3Did it become much more expensive to travel abroad
  不论完全连系动词或半连系动词,它们都有时态的变化,但有些半连系动词从形式上看像是现在进行时,实际上并不表示动作正在进行。而是表示渐渐的意思或表示一种感情色彩。
  (1It's getting warmer and warmer
  天渐渐暖和起来了。
  (2Are you feeling better now
  你现在好点了吗?

  因为半连系动词本属于不及物动词,所以没有被动语态。
  如不能说:* Good medicine is tasted bitter to the mouth.应说:
  Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.良药苦口。

  半连系动词的教学还是个较困难的问题,但在初学阶段用先比较,再替换的方法,还是能使学生掌握哪些实意动词可充当半连系动词,收到事半功倍的效果。

 

 

 
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